(最低限度地)
Unit 8
First aid
W-L-S
What happened to the girl
What can we do to help her
What can we do to help her before the doctor comes
What do you already know about first aid
a quiz about first aid
What should you do if you find a person whose leg is bleeding
Tie a piece of cloth round the leg above the bleeding point
Press firmly on the bleeding point using a clean handkerchief.
B
What should you do if you find a person who has stopped breathing
Run and find help.
Try to start his/ her breathing.
What should you do if a person has drunk poison by mistake
Make the person throw up.
Take the person and the poison container to hospital at once.
B
B
What should you do if you find a person with a knife in his/her back
Leave the knife in.
Pull out the knife
What should you do if you find a person who has been hurt in a car accident
Leave him/her in the car.
Pull him/her out of the car.
A
A
1). Cat bites are more likely to become infected than dog bites.
First Aid Quiz 2 : True or false
True
This is because a cat's teeth are sharper than a dog's, creating wounds that bleed minimally (最低限度地), and thereby (so) keeping bacteria (细菌) from being released (set free).
2). Human bites can be more dangerous than animal bites.
True
This is true because of the types of bacteria and viruses that live in the human mouth.
3). One treatment to stop severe (serious) bleeding is elevation (rising) of the wound, if possible.
True
Elevating the wound can reduce the blood flow.
4). A second-degree burn is less serious than a first-degree burn.
False
First-degree burns refers to only the outer layer(层) of skin is burned. Second-degree burns are more serious. And third-degree burns are the most serious, involving all layers of skin.
5) The purpose of mouth-to-mouth method is to unclog (clear) the blocked windpipe(气管) or airway of an unconscious (不省人事) person.
False
The purpose of mouth-to-mouth method is to ventilate (使通风) the lungs to supply oxygen to the blood in the lungs. In fact, before beginning mouth-to-mouth method, make sure that the person's airway is clear.
6). In an adult, elevated temperatures aren't usually dangerous until they reach 40.5 oC.
False
When the elevated temperature reaches 40.5 oC, it may indicate(预示) significant(重大的) infection or other diseases. Once the temperature reaches 40.5 oC, it begins to damage your internal(内在的) organs(器官).
7). If a foreign object is embedded (fixed deeply) in a person's eyeball, remove it immediately to lower the risk of permanent (long- lasting) vision damage.
False
If the foreign object is embedded into the eyeball, cover the person's eye with a sterile(消过毒的) pad(垫) or clean cloth. Don't try to remove the object yourself. Seek emergency medical assistance.
8). Inducing (to lead) vomiting is the best response (reaction) when you can't identify (decide) the poison that a person has swallowed.
False
Certain poisons should be vomited, but others shouldn't. If you don't know the identity of the substance swallowed, don't induce vomiting. Go to a doctor for help.
9). To stop choking, you can perform the Heimlich maneuver on yourself without the help of others.
True
(the Heimlich maneuver)海姆利克氏操作法一种将异物如食物从哽噎者气管中挤压出来的急救方法,其做法是用力在患者的上腹部迅速向上施压,以从肺部挤压出空气)
To stop choking, you can perform the Heimlich maneuver on yourself using your fist and possibly a chair.
Brainstorming:
What words can you think of when you talk about accidents and first aid
Accident
First aid
drown
bleed
choke
Burn/catch fire
cut
electrical
wound
ambulance
unconscious
… …
Look at the pictures on P.57.
What would you do in these situations
What could we do to prevent these accidents
1.Check to see if he /she is breathing
2. Try to start his /her breathing
1.Never swim in deep water.
2. Never swim alone.
3. we'd better press a hand on his chest many times, and then use the mouth- to-mouth method to start the person's breathing again
1.Call for a doctor or an ambulance
2. Never pull her out of the car
3.Find enough people to lift the car safely and take her to hospital at once
Look at both sides when crossing the street.
1.Call 119 first and tell them the exact address on the phone.
2. If someone is badly burnt,we should call 120 to ask for an ambulance.
1.Never play with fire.
2.Be careful with gas.
3.Make sure that all the electric wires are safe.
3.If someone has been burnt,we should pour water on the burn and then cover it with a loose clean bandage.
1.Try to stop the bleeding
2.Press a handkerchief onto the bleeding point and hold it there.
3.Hold up the part of body which is bleeding if possible.
Don't play with knifes or other sharp objects.
1.Go to the hospital at once.
2.Never pull it out of the cut.
3.If the cut is not serious, we can wash the area of cut,dry it and cover it with a piece of dry and clean cloth.
Don't play with knifes or other sharp objects.
1.Make him /her spit by patting him/her on the back.
To avoid this, we shouldn't talk or laugh when eating.
2.Take him to the hospital.
Listening:
pre-listening:
Look at the pictures on P.58
Where are they
What do you guess has happened to the boy and the girl
Now read the requirements quickly and find out what to do.
While-Listening: listen to the tape and finish the exercises on p.58.
1.Listen to the tape. What happened to each child
Child 1:________________________________.
Child 2:________________________________.
If so what was given
Was any first aid given
When did it happen
Child 2
Child 1
2. Listen to the tape again and answer the questions:
The boy was bitten by a dog
The girl drank some ink
1
2
3. Listen to the nurse's questions in the first dialogue and write them down.
1.Can__________________________________
2.What's_______________________________
3.What did you do________________________
4.Does__________________________________
I help you
the matter with it
before bring him here
it hurt
Post-Listening:
Look at the pictures
1. What would you do in these situations
2.What could we do to prevent these accidents
Speaking:
Use the lists of dos and don'ts on page58 to tell your classmates what you should and should not do in the following way:
We should always make sure that… We must remember to turn off the tap when… We should never leave the gas no when we aren't at home.
Vocabulary Items in this period:
1. aid ① n. a.帮助;援助 first aid 急救
b. 帮助者;有帮助的事物
E.g. An English-Chinese Dictionary is an important aid in learning English.
② vt. 帮助;援助
E.g. I aided him with money. 我资助了他.
I aided him in his enterprise. 我帮助他做这一事业.
◎ in aid of 支持,援助
come/ go to sb.'s aid 前来[去]援助某人
By/ with the aid of 借助于, 通过...的帮助
lend one's aid to 给予援助
2. injure vt. injured, injuring
a. 伤害 There were two people injured in the car accident. 有两个人在车祸中受了伤.
b. 刺伤(感情) to injure a man's pride 伤某人的自尊心
3. injury n. -ries a. 伤害;损害 to suffer injuries to the head 头部受伤
b. 损害或伤害之行为 E.g. I take it as a personal injury. 我认为这是对个人的侮辱.
◎ be an injury to 伤害..., 危害..., 对...有害 do sb. an injury 伤害某人
do an injury to sb. 伤害某人 chilling injury 冷(却致)伤
cold injury 冻伤 traffic injury 交通损伤 war injury战伤
4. breathe vi, vt. breathed, breathing
a. 呼吸 E.g. The doctor told him to breathe in deeply and then breathe out. 医生叫他先深深吸一口气,然后再把气吐出来.
b. 活着 E.g. the greatest man who ever breathed 永存的伟人
◎ breathe one's last 死;去世;断气 breathe freely/ again 松一口气; 喘一口气
breathe forth 呼气; 吐气 breathe easy/ easily 安心; 松一口气
breathe out 愤怒地说出 breathe upon 对...哈气 弄脏, 玷辱; 诽谤
5. bleed vi, vt. (bled, bleeding)
a. 流血
E. g. The cut on my arm bleed for a long time. 我胳膊上的伤口流了好长时间的血.我心里为这些挨饿的孩子感到悲痛.
b. (指内心)悲痛
E. g. My heart bleeds for the starving children.
c. 勒索;敲诈
E. g. The landlord bled them dry for their flat. 为了这套房子,他们让房东榨干了血汗. The boss tried to bleed his employees for every penny they had.
6. bite ① vt, vi (bit, bitten, biting)
a. 咬
E. g My monkey doesn't bite.
The boy bit into the apple.
那个男孩子咬了一口苹果.
b. 咬成(某种状态)
E. g. The dog has bitten a hole in my trousers.
c. (虫)叮 E. g. The mosquitoes are biting me. 蚊子叮我.
② n. a. 咬 E. g. She was covered in insect bites. 她浑身是虫子叮的伤.
b. 咬下的一块 E. g. He took a bite out of the pear. 他咬了一口梨.
E. g. This apple's good; do you want a bite 这苹果很好,你想来一口吗
c. 食物
E. g. He hasn't had a bite (to eat) all day.
他整天都没吃东西.
The children haven't had a bite to eat all day.
孩子们一整天什么也没吃过.
◎bite one's lips 掩饰愤怒或不快
bite sb's head off 斥责
7. wound ① n. a. 伤, 负伤 b. 损害[伤]; 屈辱; 痛苦
E. g. a bullet wound 枪伤
a mortal [fatal] wound 致命伤
dress a wound 包扎伤口
a wound to sb.'s pride 对某人自尊心的伤害
② vt. 使受伤; (在感情等方面)伤害
E. g. the wounded 受伤的(人), 伤员
He felt wounded in his honour [affections].
他觉得他的荣誉[感情]受到伤害.
He that is afraid of wounds must not come near a battle.[谚]怕受伤就别上战场.
8. electric adj. a. 电的,用电的,发电的, 带电的
E. g. an electric spark 电火花
This heavy truck is driven by two electric motors.
汽车是由两台电动机驱动的.
b. 电力产生的 c. 惊人的;令人兴奋的
E. g. an electric eloquence 惊人的口才
9. electrical adj.
a. 与电有关的
E. g. The cooker isn't working because of an electrical fault. 这个炊具不能用了,因为出了电气方面的故障.
b. 用电的, 电气科学 electrical apparatus 电器
10. electronic 电子的(指高,精,尖端的电子仪器)
Electronic music has come to stay.
电子音乐已经扎下根来.
11. firm ①adj.
a.坚牢的,坚固的
E.g. You must always build on firm ground. 你必须始终脚踏实地
b. 稳定的;坚定的
E.g. a firm belief 坚定的信念
② adv. 坚定地;稳定地 E.g. to stand firm 站稳
12. poison
① n. a.毒药;毒物 b.败坏道德的事
② vt. 毒杀
E.g. The farmer poisoned the rats. 这个农民毒死了老鼠.
13. safety n. -ties
a. 安全;平稳,稳妥
E.g. They ran to safety, away from the fire. 他们跑到安全的地方,远离了大火.
A safety pin has a cover over its point. (安全)别针的顶上有一个盖儿.
b.(武器上的)保险销 (= safety catch)
※ public safety 公安 safety match 安全火柴 a place of safety安全地点
for safety 为安全起见, 以保证安全 in safety 平安地, 安全地
play for safety 稳扎稳打, 谨慎行事 with safety 平安地, 安全地, 可靠地
14. accident / incident / event
accident 指意外事故, 特别是不幸的,有损害性的事故.
He was killed in a traffic accident.
by accident = by chance 偶然
incident 泛指不重要的事件,还可指政治上有影响的重大事件.
I remember an incident that took place in Mr. Li's class.
The Lugouqiao incident broke out on July 7th, 1937.
event 指重要事件,特别是有历史意义的重大事件.
How to develop the western part of China well is an important event.
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